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Electrical Calculators

kW to kVA Calculator

Convert real power (kW) to apparent power (kVA) using the power factor.

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About this calculator

This calculator converts a real power requirement (kW) into the apparent power (kVA) needed from a transformer, generator or UPS, accounting for the load's power factor. It is the reverse of the kVA to kW calculator and is used when sizing electrical supply equipment.

Formula

kVA = kW ÷ PF
  • kWReal power — kilowatts
  • PFPower factor — 0–1
  • kVAApparent power — kilovolt-amperes

Worked Example

Given: A factory needs 85 kW of real power at an expected power factor of 0.85.

Result: kVA = 85 ÷ 0.85 = 100 kVA — the generator or transformer must be rated at least 100 kVA.

How to Use

  1. Enter the real power requirement of the load in kW.
  2. Enter the expected power factor.
  3. Click Calculate to get the required apparent power in kVA.

Important Assumptions

  • A lower power factor requires proportionally more kVA to deliver the same kW.

Common Mistakes

  • Sizing a generator or transformer only in kW without converting to kVA, which can lead to undersizing.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why do I need more kVA than kW?

Because apparent power includes both the real power that does work and the reactive power that inductive loads (motors, transformers) draw but don't consume as useful energy.

How does improving power factor change the kVA requirement?

A higher power factor reduces the kVA needed for the same kW — this is why factories install power factor correction capacitors.

These calculators are provided for informational and estimation purposes. Results depend on the assumptions and input values used. Always verify critical engineering calculations against applicable standards, manufacturer specifications, site measurements, and qualified professional advice.